question answers

PROGRAMMING CONCEPT

Answer the following questions:

a. What is programming? Differentiate between system programmer and application programmer.

® Programming is a technique to create a program including different steps in an organized way.

The difference between system programmer and application programmer are:

System Programmer	Application Programmer
A programmer which writes the program to boot the computer, to control hardware components etc. is called system programmer.	Those programmers which designs application programs to fulfill a specific task is called application programmer.
Device drivers and boot programs are designed by system programmer.	Mark sheet preparation program and billing system are designed by application programmer.

b. Define programming language. Write the types programming languages. ® A language which is used to write a program for the computer is called programming language. The types of programming language are: Machine Language Assembly Language High-Level Language      c. What is a high level programming language? Write its advantages and disadvantages. ® A language which use common English words for writing a program is called high level programming language.  Its advantages are: They are easy to use and learn. They are machine dependent. It is faster to write programs in the high-level language. It is easy to write and modify program written in high level language. Its disadvantages are: It need language processors to convert the program codes to the machine language. It takes more time to execute program. Programs written in high level language cannot completely control hardware. d.What is machine level language? Write its advantages and disadvantages. ® A language written in combination of 0 and 1 is called machine level language. Its advantages are: The program written in a machine language does not need to be converted. A program developed using a machine language becomes extremely fast since no conversion is required. Its disadvantages are: It is machine dependent which means programming codes written for one type of machine are not applicable too another type of machine. It is time consuming and tedious task to modify the program written in a machine language. e. What are language processor? Write the use of interpreter. ® The programs which are used to translate the programming code written in any programming language in machine codes are known as a language translator. The use of interpreter is to convert each statement of high level language into the machine codes line by line. f.Define assembly language. Write its advantages and disadvantages. ®A language which uses mnemonic codes for writing a program is known as a assembly language. Its advantages are: It is easy to understand, write and modify the programs. The program written in the assembly language executes faster because it is closer to the machine. Its disadvantages are: It is machine dependent which means the programmer must have the knowledge of hardware. It takes more time to execute than the machine codes program. g.Differentiate between compiler and interpreter. ®The difference between compiler and interpreter are: Interpreter Compiler It is used to translate a program written in the high level language to the machine codes each statement at a time. It is also used to translate the program written in the high level language to the machine codes whole program at a time. It displays each error at a time, so debugging becomes easier. It displays all errors at a time. So, debugging becomes complex. h. Define fourth generation language. Write advantages and disadvantages. Those programming languages which are designed to reduce programming effort, the time it takes to develop software, and the cost of software development is known as a fourth generation language. Its advantages are: Easy to write programs in comparison to other level of languages. Provides a friendly environment and software can be designed in less time. Readymade modules, buttons, forms are available. Its disadvantages are: It requires high resources. The program cannot be executed in low configuration machines.