bhoto jatra

BHOTO JATRA

Bhoto Jatra, which literally means "vest festival", is the climax of the chariot procession of Bunga Dyah Jatra. After the two chariots arrive in Jawalakhel, astrologers choose an auspicious date to hold the Bhoto Jatra festival. On the appointed day in the presence of the head of state, a government official climbs on to the chariot and holds up a jewel-studded black vest from the four sides of the chariot so that all the people gathered around can have a look at it.

The display is a re-enactment of an event that happened eons ago. According to legend, a Jyapu (Newar farmer) lost the vest which he had received as a gift from the serpent god Karkotaka Naga for doing him a favour. One day, the farmer had come to Jawalakhel to watch the chariot pulling festival where he saw someone wearing his missing garment.

A quarrel developed over the vest, and since neither party could prove ownership, it was agreed that the undershirt would be kept with Bunga Dyah until the rightful owner comes to claim it with adequate proof. Since then, the vest has been shown to the public annually as a call to potential claimants to step forward.

The living goddess Kumari of Patan also arrives in Jawalakhel to observe Bhoto Jatra. She watches the ceremony from a special rest house. The auspicious day when the Bhoto Jatra is held is determined by astrologers, so the date is changeable. In 2014, the vest showing will be held on 22 June.

After the festival, the chariot is dismantled and the parts are stored until it is time for the procession the next year. Rato Machhendranath is taken to a temple in the nearby village of Bungamati, also known as the second home of the rain god. The deity spends the next six months in that temple.

ANSWERS OF MATCH THE FOLLOWING

ANSWERS OF MATCH THE FOLLOWING

13.

Microwave                          Unguided media                                

Volt guard                           Power protection devices

Sound card                           Multimedia

TCP/IP                                 Protocol

14.
RJ-45                                   Twisted pair cable                             
WAN                                    Internet                   
Back up                                Duplicate copy               
Microphone                          Multimedia       
                   
15.
Combination of several media                Multimedia
POP                                                         Protocol used in e-mail                                         
UTP                                                         Guided Media                                             
UPS                                                         Power Protection Device                                            
                                                        
16.
E-commerce                                      Online shopping         
Volt guard                                          Power protection device
Satellite link                                       WAN
Sound card                                          Multimedia

17.
McAfee                                                Antivirus software               
UPS                                                      Supplies continuous power               
Web Browser                                       Internet explorer
TCP/IP                                                 Internet protocol   
                                                
18.
Bandwidth                                             bps     
Internet                                                  ISP
 Network                                                NIC
 Software security                                  NAV
                                            

programs

1) Using function procedure write a program to check whether the given number is Armstrong or not.


DECLARE FUNCTION ARM (N)
CLS
INPUT "ENTER ANY NUMBER"; N
A=N
AR = ARM (N)
IF A = AR THEN
PRINT A; "IS ARMSTRONG NUMBER"
ELSE
PRINT A; "IS NOT ARMSTRONG NUMBER"
END IF
END
FUNCTION ARM (N)
S = 0
WHILE N < > 0
R = N MOD 10
S = S + R ^ 3
N = N \ 10
WEND
ARM = S
END FUNCTION

2)Using sub procedure write a program to check whether the given number is palindrome or not.

DECLARE SUB PALIN (N)
CLS
INPUT "ENTER ANY NUMBER"; N
CALL PALIN (N)
END
SUB PALIN (N)
A = N
S = 0
WHILE N < > 0
R = N MOD 10
S = S * 10 + R
N = N \ 10
WEND
IF A = S THEN
PRINT A; "IS PALINDROME"
ELSE
PRINT A; "IS NOT PALINDROME"
END IF

END SUB

3)Using sub procedure write a program to display the factors of a given number.

 DECLARE SUB FACT (N)
CLS
INPUT "ENTER ANY NUMBER"; N
CALL FACT (N)
END
SUB FACT (N)
PRINT "FACTORS OF"; N; "=";
FOR I = 1 TO N
IF N MOD I = 0 THEN PRINT I;
NEXT I
END SUB

4. Using function procedure write a program to display the factorial of a given number.

DECLARE FUNCTION FACT (N)
CLS
INPUT "ENTER ANY NUMBER"; N
PRINT "FACTORIAL ="; FACT (N)
END
FUNCTION FACT (N)
F = 1
FOR I = 1 TO N
F = F * I
NEXT I
FACT = F
END FUNCTION

5)Using sub procedure write a program to reverse the given digit.

DECLARE SUB REV (N)
CLS
INPUT "ENTER ANY NUMBER"; N
CALL REV (N)
END
SUB REV (N)
S = 0
WHILE N < > 0
R = N MOD 10
S = S * 10 + R
N = N \ 10
WEND
PRINT " REVERSED DIGITS="; S
END SUB

6)Using function procedure write a program to check whether the given number is prime or composite.

DECLARE FUNCTION PRIME(N)
CLS
INPUT "ENTER ANY NUMBER"; N
P = PRIME (N)
IF P = 2 THEN
PRINT N; "IS PRIME NUMBER"
ELSE
PRINT N; "IS COMPOSITE NUMBER"
END IF
END
FUNCTION PRIME (N)
C = 0
FOR I = 1 TO N
IF N MOD I = 0 THEN C = C + 1
NEXT I
PRIME = C
END FUNCTION

7)Using sub procedure write a program to find the sum of given digits.

DECLARE SUB SUM (N)
CLS
INPUT "ENTER ANY NUMBER"; N
CALL SUM (N)
END
SUB SUM (N)
S = 0
WHILE N < > 0
R = N MOD 10
S = S + R
N = N \ 10
WEND
PRINT "SUM OF DIGITS"; S
END SUB

8)Using function procedure write a program to count total number of odd digits in a given digit.

DECLARE FUNCTION COUNT (N)
CLS
INPUT "ENTER ANY NUMBER"; N
PRINT "TOTAL NUMBER OF ODD DIGITS"; COUNT (N)
END
FUNCTION SUM (N)
C = 0
WHILE N < > 0
R = N MOD 10
IF R MOD 2 = 1 THEN C = C + 1
N = N \ 10
WEND
COUNT = C
END FUNCTION

9)Using sub procedure write a program to display only even numbers from the input digit.

DECLARE SUB EVEN (N)
CLS
INPUT "ENTER ANY NUMBER"; N
CALL EVEN (N)
END
SUB EVEN (N)
PRINT "EVEN DIGITS ARE ";
WHILE N <> 0
R = N MOD 10
IF R MOD 2 = 0 THEN PRINT R;
N = N \ 10
WEND
END SUB

10)Using function procedure write a program to find the H.C.F and L.C.M of a given number.

 DECLARE FUNCTION HCFLCM(A, B)
CLS
INPUT "ENTER ANY TWO NUMBERS"; A, B
PRINT “L.C.M=”; HCFLCM (A, B)
END
FUNCTION HCFLCM (A, B)
C = A
D = B
WHILE A MOD B < > 0
T = A MOD B
A = B
B = T
WEND
L = C * D / B
PRINT "H.C.F="; B
HCFLCM = L
END FUNCTION

cables

UTP (UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR)

 Unshielded twisted pair, a popular type of cable that consists of two unshielded wires twisted around each other. Due to its low cost, UTP cabling is used extensively for local-area networks (LANs) and telephone connections. UTP cabling does not offer as high bandwidth or as good protection from interference as coaxial or fiber optic cables, but it is less expensive and easier to work with.

STP (SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR)

 STP is similar to UTP but with each pair covered by an additional copper braid jacket or foil wrapping. This shielding helps protect the signals on the cables from external interference.

STP is more expensive than UTP but has the benefit of being able to support higher transmission rates over longer distances.

COAXIAL CABLE

Coaxial cable is a wire with single ended single reference where the central conductor carries the data signals.  It is mostly used in television. 10 Mbps is the maximum speed of coaxial cable.

Fiber optics cable

 Fiber optic cable is one of the costlier cables used in data communication that uses light to carry a data signal through the cable. It is the most fastest cable to carry data. It uses light signals rather than electricity, so it offers high bandwidth and greatest distance of any transmission system.

Radio waves

 The type of unguided media where the signal is carried over by carrier waves is called radio waves.Radio waves are used to wirelessly connect computers. The computers or networks that need to communicate using radio waves should have an antenna.

Terrestrial Microwave 

 It is used for long distance telephone service. It is used by common carriers as well as private networks. It requires unobstructed line of sight between source and receiver. 

 

Satellite Microwave:

It is a microwave rely station in space. It can rely signals over long distance. They are used in cellular phones, satellite networks and wireless LAN.

RJ45

RJ45 is a type of connector commonly used for Ethernet networking. It looks similar to a telephone jack, but is slightly wider.

T-connector

A Tee connector is an electrical connector that connects three cables together. It is usually in the shape of a capital T. It is usually used for coaxial cables and the three connector points can be either female or male gender, and could be different or the same standard, such as F type. BNC type.

BNC Connector

BNC connector is a miniature quick connect/disconnect radio frequency connector used for coaxial cable. BNC connectors are used with miniature-to-sub-miniature coaxial cable in radio, television, and other radio-frequency electronic equipment, test instruments, and video signals. 

ST Connector 

(Straight Tip connector) A fiber-optic cable connector that uses a bayonet plug and socket. It was the first standard connector for most commercial wiring. 

 SC connector

(Standard Connector, Subscriber Connector) A fiber-optic cable connector that uses a push-pull latching mechanism similar to common audio and video cables. 

FC Connector

A fiber-optic cable connector that uses a threaded plug and socket is called FC connector.

SMA Connector

SMA (SubMiniature version A) connectors are semi-precision coaxial RF connectors developed in the 1960s as a minimal connector interface for coaxial cable with a screw type coupling mechanism. 

Tour to pokhara and ghale ghau

THE EDUCATIONAL TOUR TO POKHARA AND GHALE GHAU

1st day :

Recently, on 22nd of falgun ,saturday we the student of grade 9 were taken to education tour to ghale gaun and pokhara for 4 days. there altogether 25 students. on that day, all of us arrived school by 6:00am and had a cup of tea. then our jouney to ghale gaun started . We went to Beshishar by our school bus. We all had our breakfast on the way and also took lunch. Then, when we reached Besisahar we took local jeep for ghale gaun . We had an adventure of 3 hours jeep ride , the roads were bumpy. We went all the way by singing, telling jokes and talking.Finally after 3 hours we arrived Ghale ghau. We were welcomed by the villagers and then the management members divided all of us and showed us our room for the night.We all experienced the incredible hospitality of nepal's ethic group gurung people during homestay. We all enjoyed a lot by clicking photos, telling jokes.

2nd day:

The second day of our tour was more adventurous . On that day , we all woke up early in the morning

and walked at the top of ghale gaun to see the view of sunrise.We also had a view of western  himalayas including machhapuchhare, annapurna ,annapurna II, lamjung himal, and many more smaller peaks.The we returned back to our home stay had our lunch and then we left ghale gaun at

around 10 am.Then our journey to pokhara started. We walked almost 5:30 hours from ghale gaun to reach besisahar. After a long walk, finally we reached our school bus. On the way , we sang song and enjoyed a lot. We stayed at the lovely garden hotel. We had our dinner and then went to lakeside at night . We all enjoyed a lot by watching the night view of Pokhara.

3rd day:

As we were tired we woke up at around 6 am so we missed the sunrise bt we went to Sarankot. We clicked so many pictures and went to Brindabasnini temple and worshipped the god. Then we ate our 

breakfast, the jerri burger and went o Mahendra Gufa and Chamera Gufa. The entrance of Chamera Gufa was large but it was difficult for us to come out of that cave. Deepak sir and K.D sir helped all the students to come out of cave. Then we went back to hotel for our lunch and then we went to Phew Tal for boating. We did 1 hour boating and we insisted our teachers for cycling. Most of the students n teachers did boating but some didn't. After that we went to hotel, ate or dinner and slept.

4th day:

It was the last day of our tour. We woke up at 4 am and did our packings and went to bus at 5 am. That day we left Pokhara and went to Bandipur. Bandipur was a beautiful place to visit. We ate our breakfast there and left Bandipur. Then our school bus came to pick us, we all got inside the bus. And at around 5 pm we reached Kathmandu. Everybody was tired due to the long journey. We went to school and from there all of us went to our respective home. These four days were the most memorial days of life.

programs

i) To reverse the string.

CLS
PRINT "ROCHANA"
INPUT "ENTER ANY STRING";A$
FOR I LEN(A$) TO 1 STEP -1
B$=MID$(A$,I,1)
C$=C$+B$
NEXT I
PRINT "REVERSE STRING=";C$
END

ii) To check the given string is palindrome or not.

CLS
PRINT "ROCHANA"
INPUT "ENTER ANY STRING";A$
FOR I LEN(A$) TO 1 STEP -1
B$=MID$(A$,I,1)
C$=C$+B$
NEXT I
IF A$=C$ THEN 
PRINT "THE GIVEN STRING IS PALINDROME"
ELSE
PRINT "THE GIVEN STRING IS NOT PALINDROME"
END IF
END

iii) To display the shortest string among 3 different string.

CLS
INPUT "ENTER FIRST STRING";A$
INPUT "ENTER SECOND STRING";B$
INPUT "ENTER THIRD STRING";C$
IF LEN(A$) < LEN(B$) and LEN(A$) < LEN(C$) THEN
PRINT A$;"IS THE SHORTEST STRING"
ELSEIF LEN(B$) < LEN(A$) and LEN(B$) < LEN(C$) THEN
PRINT B$;"IS THE SHORTEST STRING"
ELSE 
PRINT C$;"IS THE SHORTEST STRING"
END IF 
END 

.
iv) To input any string and display it in alternate case.

CLS
PRINT "ROCHANA"
INPUT "ENTER ANY STRING";A$
FOR I=1 TO LEN(A$)
B$=MID$(A$,I,1)
IF I MOD 2=0 THEN
C$=C$+LCASE$(B$)
ELSE
C$=C$+UCASE$(B$)
END IF
NEXT I
PRINT "ALTERNATE CASE";C$
END

v) To input any string and display its initials.

CLS
PRINT "ROCHANA"
INPUT "ENTER ANY STRING";A$
B$=UCASE$(LEFT$(A$,1))
FOR I=1 TO LEN(A$)
C$=MID$(A$,I,1)
IF C$=" " THEN
B$=B$+"." UCASE$(MID$(A$,I+1,1))
END IF
NEXT I
PRINT B$
END

vi)To count total no of consonants.

CLS
PRINT "ROCHANA"
INPUT"ENTER ANY WORD";A$
C=0
FOR I =1 TO LEN(A$)
INPUT"ENTER ANY WORD";A$
C=0
B$=MID$(A$,I,1)
C$=UCASE$(B$)
IF C$<>"A" AND C$<>"E" AND C$<>"I" AND C$<>"O" AND C$<>"U" THEN
C=C+1
END IF 
NEXT I
PRINT "TOTAL NO OF CONSONANTS=";C
END

vii)To display vowels from a given string.

CLS
PRINT "ROCHANA"
INPUT"ENTER ANY WORD";A$
FOR I =1 TO LEN(A$)
B$=MID$(A$,I,1)
C$=UCASE$(B$)
IF C$="A" OR C$="E" OR C$="I" OR C$="O" OR C$="U" THEN 
PRINT B$
NEXT I
END